Clinical Problem

Common Conditions

Significant Other Conditions to Consider

Fever

Bacteremia, occult

Urinary tract infection, pyelonephritis

Viral Illness, nonspecific

Viral exanthems, (e.g. varicella, measles, fifth disease, roseola, scarlet fever)

Osteomyelitis

Meningitis

Febrile convulsions

Septic Arthritis

Kawasaki's disease

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Viral exanthem, (eg. Rubella)

Tuberculosis

Sore Throat

Pharyngitis (strep, scarlet fever, other)

Infectious Mononucleosis (EBV infection)

Rheumatic Fever

Cervical adenitis

Peritonsilar and Retropharyngeal abscesses

Ear Pain

Otitis Media

Recurrent otitis media*

Middle ear effusion

Deafness*

Speech and language delay* Mastoiditis*

Upper Respiratory Illness

Conjunctivitis

Allergic Rhinitis

Sinusitis

Viral Infection

Periorbital/Orbital Cellulitis*

Cough

Upper Respiratory Illness, Sinusitis

Pneumonia

Croup

Bronchiolitis

Bronchitis

Asthma

Cystic Fibrosis

Pertussis

Tuberculosis

Foreign Body Aspiration

Gastroesophageal reflux

Chlamydia pneumonitis

Wheeze

Asthma

Bronchiolitis

Gastroesophageal Reflux

Congestive Heart Failure

Vascular Ring

Foreign Body Aspiration

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Stridor

Laryngomalacia

Croup

Epiglottitis

Bacterial Tracheitis

Vascular Ring

Subglottic Web or Hemangioma

Peritonsillar or Retropharyngeal          abscess  

• Important related conditions, not directly a cause of the clinical problem  

Clinical Problem

Common Conditions

Significant Other Conditions to Consider

Vomiting

Gastroesophagel Reflux

Pyloric Stenosis

Gastroenteritis

Secondary to infections (e.g. Pharyngitis, otitis,  etc)

Volvulus/bowel obstruction

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Increased intracranial pressure

Hepatitis

Pyelonephritis

Pregnancy

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Abdominal Pain

Appendicitis

UTI/Pyelonephritis

Gastroenteritis

Constipation

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Colic

Vasculitis (Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura)

Intussusception

Gastritis

Pregnancy

Encopresis*

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Ulcer Ovarian/testicular torsion

Psychogenic abdominal pain

Malignancy

Incarcerated Hernia

Diarrhea/vomiting

Gastroenteritis (eg. Viral, bacterial, Giardia  Lamblia)

Failure to thrive

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome

Dehydration*

Dermatitis/rash

Acute urticaria

Atopic dermatitis

Contact dermatitis

Monilial skin infections

Scabies

Impetigo/cellulitis

Tinea infections

Anaphylaxis*

Drug reaction rash

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Trauma

Animal bite wounds

Burns

Child abuse

Tetanus*

Rabies*

Joint/Limb problems

Tendonitis

Infections (eg. Toxic synovitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis)

Congenital hip dislocation

Injury

Nursemaid's elbow

Arthritis (eg. JRA)

Sickle cell disease

Rheumatic fever

Leukemia/tumors

Osgood-Schlattter disease

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Slipped femoral capital epiphysis    

CNS Problems

Headaches (migraine, tension)

Seizure disorders

Febrile convulsions

Closed head trauma

Increased intracranial pressure

Brain tumor

Hydrocephalus